background and objectives: scolymus is one of most abundant plants of mountain areas iran, because of role in the digestion of food auxiliary is located the focus of attention consumers. in iran, more than 17 percent of crops in various stages of the supply becomes losses, which requires knowledge of physical properties, mechanical and hydrodynamic agricultural products. the existence of the in...

objectives: the aim of this study was to assess and compare the characteristics of commonly used initial archwires by their load deflection graphs. materials and methods : this study tested three wire designs namely copper nickel titanium (cnt), nickel titanium (niti), and multi-strand niti (msnt) archwires engaged in passive self-ligating (psl) brackets, active self-ligating (asl) brackets or ...

tables of maximum bending moment, shear force and support rections for simple bridges with span lengths ranging from 2m to 250m are presented.loadings are selected according to the specification given by the highways and transportation ministry of iran. the procedure of using the tables is shown by means of an example.

BACKGROUND The time required to harvest plant crops is important to the plant properties. It is affected by design of the harvest equipment and the desire for high-quality products with low energy usage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Strength characteristics of Origanum onites L., an important medicinal aromatic plant, harvested on 2, 9, 16 and 23 July, 2012-2014 (H1, H2, H3 and H4, respectively) wer...

One of the reasons for relatively high biomass harvesting cost is challenges in adjusting the ground speed of harvesting machines with respect to the yield level within a field. A real-time biomass yield sensor that can predict the yield in front of a machine could be a useful tool to control ground speed. It was hypothesized that the force required to bend Miscanthus stems is a reliable predic...

prior to the design and construction of any fruit harvesting machine it is essential to know the physical and mechanical properties of the trees and of its fruits. an example could be cited as the force needed to overcome. the strength with which the fruit is attached to the stem, in trunk shaker harvesting. in this research the acting forces on the fruit during harvest, including tensile stren...

the research was conducted in order to determine the bending stress, young’s modulus, shearing stress, and shearing energy of safflower stalk as a function of moisture content and stalk region. the bending forces were measured at different moisture contents and the bending stress and the young’s modulus were calculated from these data. for measuring the shear forces, the stalk specimens were se...